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Distinguishing saxophone types
Soprano saxophone
The soprano saxophone is, of the four common models, the smallest of its kind and has an assertive and distinctive tone. Its range lies in the higher registers from A♭ to E♭'''. Its key is Bb. That means it sounds two semitones lower than written. The soprano saxophone is available in two different constructions. These are distinguished by a straight and a curved body shape. The straight model is further divided into two variants: one with a fixed S‑neck and one with a detachable S‑neck. If you choose the model with the detachable S‑neck, the package will typically include both a straight and a curved S‑neck. The curved form, in appearance, strongly resembles an alto saxophone. Due to the physical properties of its construction, intonation is, however, more difficult for both forms than for the other saxophone models. The soprano saxophone is therefore more suitable for advanced players.
Alto saxophone
The alto saxophone is a bit like the VW Golf of the saxophone family. Almost everyone has heard of it, and because of its compact size and its typical sax shape it can often be identified even by non‑musicians. Like its relatives, the alto saxophone belongs to the family of woodwind instruments. Its range, after the soprano saxophone, lies in the second highest register, from D♭ to A''. The alto saxophone's key is Eb and therefore sounds 9 semitones lower than written. Because of its small size it is very easy to handle and to intonate, which makes it popular with both beginners and professionals.
Know-how
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Tenor saxophone
The tenor saxophone is, among the common models in the saxophone family, already one of the larger instruments and is somewhat harder to handle, not only because of its weight. Advanced players often choose the tenor saxophone to give the music a bit more depth. Its range runs from A♭ to E''. It sounds rougher and "grittier" than, for example, the soprano or alto saxophone. The tenor saxophone's key is B♭ and it sounds 14 semitones lower than written. Intonation on the tenor saxophone requires a bit of practice, as it is more difficult to play due to its physical construction and size.
Baritone saxophone
The baritone saxophone is a bit like the Mike Tyson of saxophones. Here we are clearly in the heavyweight class of its kind. Its pleasing deep tone is memorable and provides a solid foundation with a range from D♭ to A'. The baritone saxophone's key is Eb and, like the alto saxophone, sounds 9 semitones lower than written. There are also variants equipped with a low-A key. With these baritone saxophones the low-sounding note C can be played. Baritone saxophones are rarely used as solo instruments. Their true strength comes into play in a big band setting or in a saxophone quartet. Due to their size and heavy weight, baritone saxophones are generally more suited to advanced players.